Iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga mu Bushinwa ryateje imbere iterambere ry’inganda zipfa.Ningbo Beilun yamamaye cyane "umujyi yavukiyemo wapfuye mu Bushinwa".Usibye gutanga Volkswagen yo mu gihugu, FAW, Chang'an, Chery, Geely, Urukuta runini, Chunlan, Midea n'indi mishinga, ibicuruzwa byayo binatanga imashini kuri Mercedes Benz, Volkswagen, Audi, Siemens, Ford, Moteri rusange, Mazda n'izindi inganda zizwi ku isi.Urwego rwo gushushanya no gukora, ubushobozi bwo kubyaza umusaruro no gukora inganda zingana zipfa gupfa biri kumwanya wambere mubushinwa.
Mu 2007, umusaruro w’ibicuruzwa bya Beilun wageze kuri miliyari 2.8, naho ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bigera kuri miliyoni 300.Amafaranga yagurishijwe y’ibice byapfuye yari miliyari 2.6, naho ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bigera kuri miliyoni 420.
1. Umwanya wa Beilun bipfa guterwa mugihugu
Inganda za Beilun zatangiye mu myaka ya za 1960 kandi zitera imbere byihuse mu myaka ya za 90, zibanda ku bicapo.Nyuma yimyaka irenga 20 yiterambere, yashizeho imishinga myinshi yingirakamaro ifite imiterere yihariye, kandi yubaka imishinga irindwi yamakomine yubuhanga buhanitse hamwe n’ibigo bibiri by’ikoranabuhanga mu buhanga mu buhanga mu nganda.Hariho ibigo 34 bipfa guhingura ibicuruzwa bifite agaciro karenga miliyoni 10.
1.1 Ibikorwa by'ingenzi bipfa gushira
Kuva ku ya 1 Mutarama 2006 kugeza ku ya 31 Ukuboza 2008, Leta yashyize mu bikorwa uburyo bwo kubanza gukusanya umusoro ku nyongeragaciro hakurikijwe amabwiriza agenga ibicuruzwa byabumbwe byakozwe kandi bigurishwa n’inganda 230 z’ibanze, hanyuma bigasubiza 50% by’inyongeragaciro nyabyo umusoro watanzwe.Umusoro wasubijwe wakoreshejwe cyane cyane mu guhindura tekiniki, kurengera ibidukikije, kubungabunga ingufu no kugabanya imikoreshereze y’ibigo, no gukora ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere ibicuruzwa bibumbabumbwa.Mu masosiyete 70 yo mu Ntara ya Zhejiang, Ningbo afite 50, mu gihe Beilun afite 15 (14 yibanda cyane ku gupfa).
1.2 Beilun Gupfa Urunigi
Bitewe nubusabane bwa hafi hagati yuburyo bwububiko nuburyo bwo gukora no gutanga ibikoresho byo hejuru, gutanga ubushyuhe, gutanga ibicuruzwa, ibice bisanzwe, hamwe nibice bitunganyirizwa / ibicuruzwa (ibice bya pulasitike, ibice bipfa gupfa, nibindi), byinshi imishinga ibumba ifite ibicuruzwa n'ibicuruzwa.Kubwibyo, urunigi rwinganda rugabanijwemo ibice bitatu: "hejuru yinganda zishyigikira imishinga", "ibishushanyo mbonera n’inganda zikora", na "imishinga yo kwagura ibicuruzwa".
1.2.1 Hejuru yo gutera inkunga imishinga
Hariho ibikoresho birenga 150 bitanga ibikoresho, kuvura ubushyuhe, gutanga ibicuruzwa, nibindi bigo bitera inkunga bijyanye no gushushanya no gukora, hamwe nabakozi barenga 5000.
1.2.2 Ibishushanyo mbonera no gukora inganda
Hano muri Beilun hari imishinga 1372 yibumbiye hamwe, ikora muburyo butaziguye bwo gutunganya ibice, hamwe nabakozi barenga 16000.
(1) Imibare yinganda zikora zishingiye ku kugabana akarere
Hafi 70% by'isaranganya ry'uturere twibumbiye mu karere ka Beilun twibanda i Daqi, hagakurikiraho Xiapu bangana na 11.37%.Kwibanda ku karere “ni ibintu biranga imishinga ya Beilun.
(2) Ibyiciro bishingiye kumiterere yo kwandikisha ibigo
Dukurikije imibare ya Beilun Mold Enterprises ku bwoko bw’imishinga, mu bigo 372 byacuzwe, ibigo by’imbere mu gihugu bingana na 96%.Ibigo byigenga bigira uruhare runini "ni ikindi kintu kiranga imishinga ya Beilun.
(3) Gutondekanya ukurikije ubwoko
Ubwoko bwibanze bwibibumbano muri Beilun ni ibipapuro bipfa kubumba hamwe na plastike, hamwe ninganda zimwe zifite zombi.Ibipapuro bipfa gupfa bingana na 75% kugeza 80%, ibishushanyo bya pulasitike bingana na 15% kugeza kuri 20%, naho ibindi bishushanyo bingana na 5% kugeza 8%.
1.2.3
Bimenyereye ubwoko bwububiko, imishinga yo kwagura ibikorwa byibanda cyane cyane kumupfa, ibice bya pulasitike, ibice bya reberi, nibice bya kashe.Kurugero, muri Beilun Daqi, aho usanga umusaruro wibikorwa byo gupfa, inganda zipfa zateye imbere ziva mubikorwa byinganda.Daqi ifite inganda zirenga 60 zipfa gupfa, imashini zirenga 400 zipfa gupfa muburyo butandukanye, zifite ibisobanuro kuva kuri 1250 kN kugeza 25000 kN.Hano muri Beilun hari imishinga irenga 150 yo kwagura.
1.3 Umubare wa Beilun upfa-guta agaciro k'umusaruro mu gihugu
Ukurikije ibipimo by’igihugu, ibishushanyo bigabanyijemo ibyiciro icumi, hamwe na kashe ya kashe hamwe n’ibishushanyo bya pulasitike n’ibicuruzwa nyamukuru mu Bushinwa.Hamwe n’iterambere ry’inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga na moto mu myaka yashize, umugabane w’ibibumbano bya pulasitike n’ibipfa bipfa kwiyongera uko umwaka utashye.Dukurikije imibare y’ishyirahamwe ry’ibishushanyo by’Ubushinwa, mu 2001, impapuro zashyizweho kashe zingana na 50% by’ibicuruzwa by’ibicuruzwa by’Ubushinwa, ibishushanyo bya pulasitike bingana na 34%, ibishishwa bipfa bingana na 6%, n’ubundi bwoko bw’ibibumbano. kuri 10%;Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryamapikipiki, amamodoka, ninganda zikoreshwa mubikoresho byo murugo, inganda zipfa gutera imbere byihuse, kandi umusaruro wibicuruzwa bipfa kwiyongera.Nk’uko imibare yo mu 2003 ibigaragaza, ibipapuro bipfa gupfa biza ku mwanya wa kabiri nyuma yo gukubita ibishishwa hamwe n’ibishushanyo bya pulasitike mu bijyanye n’umusaruro n’ubwinshi, bingana na 8% by’umusaruro rusange w’ubwoko butandukanye;Hamwe n’inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga zimaze kuba imwe mu nganda z’inkingi mu Bushinwa ndetse n’iterambere ry’ibicuruzwa byoroheje, icyatsi, n’ingufu zizigama ingufu, umusaruro w’ibyuma bidafite fer-feri byica ibice hamwe n’ububiko byiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara.Dukurikije imibare y’icyitegererezo cy’inganda zipfa gupfa mu 2006, agaciro k’ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa byagize 10% by’umusaruro rusange w’inganda zibumbabumbwa.
Kimwe cya kane cy'umusaruro rusange w’ibicuruzwa byapfa guturuka mu gihugu biva mu bucuruzi bwa Beilun bupfa, ibyo bikaba binagaragaza umwanya ukomeye w’inganda za Beilun mu gihugu.
2. Imiterere yubu ya tekinoroji ya Beilun ipfa
Kugeza ubu, inganda zifata imigongo muri Beilun zashyize mu bikorwa ikoranabuhanga rya CAD / CAM mu gishushanyo mbonera no gukora, kandi zimwe muri zo nazo zunganirwa na CAE kugira ngo zisesengure.Mugihe cyo gutunganya, ibyuma byo mu rwego rwo hejuru birwanya ubushyuhe H13 byahindutse icyuma cyingenzi.Kuzimya icyuho, gutunganya neza nyuma yo kuzimya, guteranya no gukuramo imashini ifunga imashini, no kugerageza ku bikoresho bitatu byo gupima ibintu byabaye ibintu byingenzi nuburyo bukoreshwa.Ku bijyanye n’abakozi bashinzwe tekinike mu bigo, hari abajenjeri bakuru barenga 500, kandi ibigo bimwe na bimwe byashyizeho impuguke z’amahanga ziturutse mu Budage, Ubuyapani, na Koreya yepfo kugira ngo ziyobore ibishushanyo mbonera n’umusaruro.Muri icyo gihe, gutera inkunga inganda nko gutunganya ubushyuhe no gutunganya ibicuruzwa muri Beilun nabyo byageze ku iterambere.
2.1 Ikoranabuhanga
Mold CAD / CAE / CAM ni tekinoroji yingenzi yo guhindura imiterere gakondo nuburyo bwo gukora, bufasha abatekinisiye ba injeniyeri gukoresha mudasobwa mugushushanya no kunoza imikorere yibicuruzwa, imiterere yububiko, uburyo bwo gukora, hamwe no gutunganya CNC.Ibi birashobora kugabanya cyane igishushanyo mbonera no gukora, kugabanya ibiciro byumusaruro, no kuzamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa.
Ibigo byinshi muri Beilun byakoresheje cyane ikoranabuhanga rya CAD / CAM muburyo bwo gukora ibumba, kandi ryagiye rihinduka kuva mubishushanyo mbonera-bibiri bishushanya.Iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rihuza ibishushanyo mbonera bitatu byerekana ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC byatejwe imbere buhoro buhoro, kandi uburyo bwa digitifike yo gukora ibicapo ni hejuru.Inganda zikora ibicuruzwa hejuru yubunini bwagenwe zashizeho ishami ryihariye rya 2D na 3D kandi ryaraguzwe
Amakuru yavuzwe haruguru yavuye mubitabo byibitabo.Kubindi byinshi bipfa gupfa, nyamuneka witondere Fenda Mold.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-17-2023